Texas chiropractors faced difficulty in presenting a unified front to their critics, as chiropractors split into “straights,” who limited treatment to spinal manipulation, and “mixers,” who employed other healing remedies such as water and heat. As chiropractors fought to defend themselves from these critics, the rival groups of “straight” and “mixed” chiropractors competed for the passage of bills pertinent to their specific chiropractic method. Here the Texas state legislature debates the 1943 licensing bill, which was later declared unconstitutional.